2023 한국건축문화대상 2023.12

Korean Architecture Awards 2023

 

 

‘펀그라운드 진접’·‘콤포트 서울’·‘강화바람언덕협동주택’, 각 건축물부문 공공·민간·주택부문 대상 수상
본상에는 ‘조치원1927아트센터’·‘포레스트 에지’·‘지산돌집’

 

 

10월 31일 서울 서소문영지 역사박물관에서 ‘2023 한국건축문화대상 시상식’이 열렸다. 한국건축문화대상은 국토교통부가 주관하고, 국가건축정책위원회·대한건축사협회·서울경제신문이 후원하는 국내 최고 권위의 건축문화 행사다.
올해 한국건축문화대상 건축물부문에서는 공공·민간·주택 부문별 각 대상 1작품, 본상 1작품씩 총 6작품이 수상했다. 건축문화진흥부문에서는 건축활동 대상자(1명), 미디어 본상(1명), 우수상(출판·건축활동·미디어 각 1팀) 등이 선정됐다. 학생설계공모전에는 대상 1점, 최우상 3점, 우수상 5점이 각각 수상했다.
건축물부문 대상은 ▲공공부문 ‘펀그라운드 진접(신호섭 건축사/주.건축사사무소 신)’ ▲민간부문 ‘콤포트 서울(문주호 건축사/주.경계없는작업실건축사사무소)’ ▲주택부문 ‘강화바람언덕 협동조합주택(송민준·윤승현 건축사/주.건축사사무소인터커드·중앙대학교)’ 작품이 수상의 영예를 안았다.
본상은 ▲공공부문 ‘조치원1927아트센터(홍경식 건축사/주.서울건축종합건축사사무소)’ ▲ 민간부문 ‘포레스트 에지(김선형 건축사/전남대학교)’ ▲주택부문 ‘지산돌집(임태형 건축사/주.건축사사무소 플랜)’이 수상했다.
국토교통부 김오진 제1차관은 개회사에서 “건축은 시대정신을 담아 삶의 질을 결정하는 중요한 자산이다. 기후변화에 대응하는 건축으로 미래를 변화시키는 현재의 모습을 보면 건축사와 건축인들의 노력을 알 수 있는 대목”이라며 “오늘 수상작들도 시대 건축이 추구하는 정신을 보여주는 바, 정부는 앞으로도 이런 사례들이 꾸준히 발굴 되도록 지원을 아끼지 않고, K-건축의 글로벌 경쟁력이 높아질 수 있도록 민간과 함께 적극 협력해 나가겠다”고 밝혔다.
대한건축사협회 석정훈 회장은 축사를 통해 “건축문화의 지속적인 발전을 위해 사회공공적 의무와 역할을 수행하는 건축사에 대한 사회적 인식 개선과 함께 제도적인 뒷받침이 이뤄져야 할 것”이라며 “건축문화 발전이라는 사명과 공공적 가치 실현에 앞장서고 있는 건축사를 따뜻한 시선으로 바라봐 준다면 앞으로도 건축물의 안전과 품질 건축문화 발전으로 이어지는 역할을 충실히 수행할 것”이라고 말했다.

 

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심사총평

 

 

기후변화 대응·지속가능성에 대한 건축적 해법 제시

 

최근 COVID-19 팬데믹과 한반도 여름 폭염뿐만 아니라 전 세계적으로 경험하고 있는 기상이변은 팬데믹 이후 우리의 삶이 이전의 질서로 돌아갈 수 없는 ‘새로운 세계’라는 점을 각인해 준다. 역사적으로 전염병은 인류에게 위기임과 동시에 기회였다. 그 순간은 고통을 안겨 주었지만 극복 과정에서 얻어진 진보는 높은 수준의 건강한 문명를 이루는 배경이 되었다. 환경과 밀접하며 전 세계 탄소 배출량의 40%를 차지하는 건설 분야에서 ‘지속가능성’은 해묵은 주제지만, 건축 생산의 근원은 그대로 둔 채 재생에너지 기술을 ‘덧대는’ 수준에 머물러있다. 재생에너지를 통한 문제 해결 노력을 무의미하다고 할 수는 없지만 윤리적 차원을 포함한 건축 생산의 근원적인 변화를 전제하지 않는다면 우리가 흔히 말하는 지속가능성은 기술적 장치에만 의존하는 도구적 수단에 머물 수밖에 없다. 단열과 기밀로 단절된 공간에 에어컨, 열교환시스템을 설치한 패시브하우스에서 ‘거주’는 환경과 교감을 상실한 고립된 객체일 뿐이다. 
과학과 의학이 발전된 환경에서 맞이한 COVID-19 전염병을 인류는 비교적 잘 견뎌냈다. 그래서인지 기후 위기의 위중함에 비해 자각과 대처는 미약하다. 코로나 팬데믹 상황은 기후와 환경이라는 주제를 매개로 우리를 공동성의 영역으로 초대하는 상황이지만, 올해 대한민국 건축문화 대상의 출품작 전체를 평가할 때 기후 위기에 대응하는 건축분야의 고민은 미약하다. 기후 문제가 신재생 에너지 설비의 장착 같은 도구적 수단에 머무르지 않고, 건축의 중심 주제 안으로 들어오게 하는 건축의 새로운 생산체계에 대해 고민할 때다. 
최근 아파트 등에서 부실한 철근 배근과 공사에서 비롯된 붕괴 사고는 첨단 사회로 이행하는 국가 이미지와 다르게 우리의 열악한 물리적 환경과 그 환경을 반복적으로 제조하는 시스템에 절망하게 한다. 2022년도부터 건축문화대상은 부실의 문제와 준공 후 공간의 쓰임을 들여다보기 위해 일정 시간이 지난 후의 모습을 평가하는 새로운 기준을 만들었다. 작년에는 준공 후 약 6개월이 지난 건축물에 대해 응모자격을 부여했고, 올해는 1년이 지난(2022년 6월 30일 이전) 건축물로 한정했기 때문에 올해 응모작 수는 대폭 줄어 141개 작품이 접수되었다. 심사위원회는 1차 심사위원회를 열고, 제출된 서류 심사를 통해 16개 작품을 현장심사 대상작을 선정했다. 선정 기준은 각각의 작업이 지향하는 가치에 대해 열어두고, 완성도에 비중을 두었다. 
1차 선정 작품 수가 작년 최종 수상작 수보다 적어 현장심사 대상이 된 작업들은 모두 상을 주어도 충분한 가치와 완성도를 갖추었다. 작년에는 사회/공공, 민간, 주택 3개 분야로 나누어 분야별로 대상과 본상 각각 1 작품, 우수상 3~4 작품을 포함, 17개 작품에 수여하던 상이 분야별 대통령상과 국무총리상 각각 1개 작품 2개의 총 6개로 줄었다. 그만큼 경쟁이 치열했다. 심사위원회는 4일간 전국을 순회하는 현장심사 과정을 함께하며 심사 기준 조정을 거듭했다. 심사위원회는 수상작의 수가 줄어들면서 작품으로서 완성도 기준으로는 변별력을 갖기 어렵다는 인식을 바탕으로 국토교통부가 제정한 상이 어떠한 가치에 손을 들어주는가 하는 다음 세 개의 질문에 대한 답으로 선정 기준을 마련했다. 사회적 환경적 지속가능성에 대한 지향이 건축적 해법을 통해 구체적으로 드러나 있는가. 그 성과가 지역과 사회에 긍정적이며 실질적인 변화를 이끌고 있는가. 그 성과가 특수성에 머무르지 않고 보편적 가치를 가져 좋은 선례로 작용할 수 있는가. 올해 건축문화대상은 성찰적 태도를 바탕으로 새로운 건축생산체계를 여는 작품에 주어졌다고 할 수 있다. 

 

 

Proposing architectural solutions 
for climate change response and sustainability

 

The recent COVID-19 pandemic, alongside the worldwide experience of climate change, has ingrained in us the understanding that our lives after the pandemic cannot return to the old order, given the scorching summer heat on the Korean Peninsula and beyond. Historically, infectious diseases have presented both a crisis and an opportunity for humanity. While they have brought moments of suffering, the progress achieved in overcoming these crises has laid the foundation for a more advanced and healthier civilization. Sustainability in the construction industry, which is closely linked to the environment and responsible for 40% of global carbon emissions, has long been a neglected topic. The construction sector has remained at a stage where it merely adds renewable energy technologies to its existing practices, without fundamentally transforming its origins. Efforts to address these issues through renewable energy are not meaningless, but true sustainability, which includes ethical considerations, cannot be achieved without a fundamental transformation in the production of architecture. Living in a passive house with air conditioning and heat exchange systems in hermetically sealed spaces results in a detached object, isolated from its surroundings, devoid of a connection with the environment.
In an environment where science and medicine have advanced, humanity has relatively well weathered the COVID-19 pandemic. Perhaps because of this, awareness and response to the climate crisis appear to be inadequate. The COVID-19 pandemic situation serves as an invitation to the realm of collective responsibility through the medium of climate and the environment. However, when evaluating all the entries for this year's National Architecture Culture Awards, the architectural industry's efforts to address the climate crisis seem insufficient. It's time to consider a new production system within architecture that goes beyond the instrumental means, such as the installation of renewable energy facilities, and integrates the climate issue into the core themes of architecture.
Recent incidents of substandard reinforcement in apartments and collapses resulting from construction work have left us disheartened, contrasting with the national image of advancing into a modern society. Our dire physical environment and the recurring system that manufactures this environment stand in stark contrast to the image of a progressive nation.
Starting in 2022, the National Architecture Culture Awards have introduced new criteria to assess the state of structures after a certain period, aiming to delve into the issues of structural integrity and post-completion functionality. Last year, eligibility was granted for buildings with approximately six months of post-completion time, and this year, it was limited to structures completed over one year ago (before June 30, 2022). Consequently, the number of entries this year has significantly decreased, with 141 submissions received.
The judging committee convened for the initial round of evaluations, selecting 16 projects for on-site assessments based on an open-minded approach to the values pursued by each work and an emphasis on completeness.
With the number of first-round selections being fewer than last year's final award recipients, all the projects that made it to the on-site assessment phase have demonstrated ample value and completeness. In the previous year, awards were presented across three categories: social/public, private, and residential, with each category having one grand prize, one first prize, and three to four honorable mentions, totaling 17 awards. This year, the awards were reduced to a total of six, with the Presidential Award and Prime Minister's Award in each category, making the competition much more intense.
The judging committee, accompanying a four-day on-site assessment process across the country, repeatedly adjusted the evaluation criteria. Recognizing the challenge of maintaining distinctiveness based on completeness as the number of award-winning works decreased, the committee established selection criteria in response to the following three questions: To what extent does the work demonstrate a commitment to social and environmental sustainability through architectural solutions? Does its impact have a positive and tangible effect on the local and social context? Does its impact extend beyond specificity, offering universal value as a positive precedent?
This year's National Architecture Culture Awards can be considered as being granted to works that open up a new architectural production system based on a reflective attitude.